e36freak 1345485022 learn Command Substitution: The $(foo bar) causes the command 'foo' to be executed with the argument 'bar' and $(..) will be replaced by the *output*. See http://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashFAQ/002, http://mywiki.wooledge.org/CommandSubstitution, and http://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashFAQ/082 e36freak 1345485035 forget