emanuele6 1667006022 learn The ${var:off:len} PE only evaluates the `off' part if ${#var} is greater than 0, and only evaluates the `len' part if the `off' part was a value that is either between -${#var} and -1, or between 1 and ${#var}-1. Weird it also evaluates the `len' part if the result of the `off' part was ${#var}, even though the result will always be ''. Be careful when using ${var:i++:j++}. emanuele6 1667006627 forget emanuele6 1667006737 learn The ${var:offset:length} PE only evaluates the `off' part if ${#var} is greater than 0, and only evaluates the `length' part if the result of the `offset' part was a value between -${#var} and ${#var}. emanuele6 1667024231 forget